- The exam will take place in Leutze Hall rm. 127 at regular class time (9:30am–10:45am). Oddly, this is also a conference room, but it is larger and air conditioned.
- You will be able to use your book and readings on the essay section only. You will turn in the Terms and Short Answer sections before beginning the essay section.
- There are no computers in the exam room; you will write directly on the exam and you will be provided with lined paper for the essay section.
- The exam is worth 50 points. There are three sections:
- Terms (15 questions, 15 points)
- Short Answer (10 questions, 15 points)
- Essay (1 question, 20 points)
- Make certain to review the conclusion and terms at the end of the Herrick chapters.
- Review lists, tables, bullets, etc.
Class-generated review questions
Chapter 1:
1. Which is not a characteristic of rhetorical discuorse?
A. Planned
B. Persuasion-seeking
C. Adapted to an audience
D. Seek to teach
E. None of the above
2. What kind of power does rhetoric distribute?
A. Political
B. Ethical
C. Social
D. Psychological
E. A and D
3. Which of the following is the ordering of arguments and appeals?
A. Inventio
B. Dispositio
C. Epideixis
D. Elocutio
E. None of the above
4. Rhetoric is planned with audience in mind.
5. The systematic presentation of rhetoric's principles, descriptions of its various functions, and explanations of how rhetoric achieves its goals is rhetorical theory.
Chapter 2:
1. To what city, time period, and figure can the origins of rhetoric be traced back?
Syracuse (in Sicily), 5th century BCE, Empedocles
2. Why were the sophists considered to be controversial?
They taught for pay
Most were foreign (to Athens)
Many traveled around the Mediterranean
They believed that truth was uncertain, contingent on circumstance, and predicated on agreement
3.Which two influential sophists were discussed at length in chapter 2?
Gorgias and Protagoras
4. How did Isocrates feel about some sophists' claim that they could teach areté?
He felt is was absurd.
5. Who was the female Greek rhetorician discussed in chapter 2?
Aspasia
Chapter 3:
1. Which character was not satisfied with the answer that rhetoric is concerned with words?
Socrates
2. Who does Plato aim his argument at in the "Gorgias"?
Rhetores (which includes politicians, sophists, and other persuaders)
3. Which true arts of health restore the body and soul?
Medicine (body) and Justice (soul)
3B. Which sham arts of health were claimed to restore body and soul?
Cookery (body) and Rhetoric (soul)
4. Which author held that the soul was complex, consisting of three parts?
Plato
5. Which character was a believer in "natural justice"?
Callicles
5B. Which character defined morality as following pleasure or desire rather than excellence or virtue?
Callicles
Gorgias—"Encomium of Helen"
1. What does Gorgias not consider to be proof of Helen's innocence?
A. She was taken by force
B. She was convinced by words
C. She was destined by fate
D. She was bribed
2. What does Gorgias consider to be an error equal to blaming the praisable?
Praising the blamable
3. According to Gorgias, drugs are to the condition of the body as speech is to the condition of the soul.
4. Gorgias states that "for the things we see do not have the nature which we wish them to have, but the nature which each actually has."
5. The three ways that Gorgias believes that speech can impress persuasion upon the soul are: substituting opinions, bending and persuading, and subjecting opinion to change.
Anonymous–"Dissoi Logoi"
1. What does "dissoi logoi" mean?
Contrasting arguments
2. "The same things exist and do not exist. For what exists here does not exist in Libya." What text is this quote pulled from?
"Dissoi Logoi"
3. "Dissoi Logoi" states that all things are seemly when done at the right moment, but shameful when done at the wrong moment. Provide one example of this.
Lying is appropriate in some situations (such as getting a loved one to take medicine) but inappropriate in others.
Isocrates–"Against the Sophists"
1. Isocrates did not believe that students could become great orators without natural aptitude.
2. Which reading was authored by a sophist but stated that sophists used trickery instead of true ability to get what they want?
"Against the Sophists"
3. Which reading states: "And let no one suppose that I claim that just living can be taught for, in a word, there does not exist an art of the kind which can implant sobriety and justice in depraved natures"?
"Against the Sophists"
Plato–"Gorgias"
1. Name Socrates's three interlocutors in the "Gorgias."
Gorgias, Polus, Callicles
2. Which attribute best describes Polus?
A. Passive
B. Headstrong
C. Old
3. Plato's greatest concern about the sophists is that they profess to teach about justice without any understanding of it.
4. Which of the following most closely describes Callicles's belief?
A. The weak can learn / knowledge is power
B. Anti-deomcracy
C. The strong survive / natural law
5. Socrates argues that "true justice is founded on knowledge." The Greek term for true knowledge is episteme.