The midterm has two sections: a short answer (multiple choice, fill-in-the-blank) section, and an essay section. You will not be able to use external materials (readings, notes, etc.) for the first section. You will be able to use external materials for the second section. You also will have the option to use the lab computers to generate your responses for the second section.
The class-generated review questions are appended below. Classical
1. The technique for finding probable truth by presenting opposing arguments is known as ___________ . (dissoi logoi)
2. In the Encomium of Helen, the power of language is compared to a ______________, that has power to distress, delight, and “bewitch the soul.” (pharmakon or drug)
3. To Isocrates, ________________ was necessary to create a public that was fit to serve the state and lead in the political sphere. (education)
4. In Dissoi Logoi, the statement “all things are seemly when done at the right moment, but shameful when done at the wrong moment” is most representative of the concept of
Techne
Peitho
Kairos
Pathos
5. In opposition to many classical rhetoricians, what did the Sophists believe was NOT available to humans?
Probable truth
Exegesis
Aphorisms
Absolute truth
6. Which Sophist believed that rhetoric was unable to be codified and, therefore, was un-teachable?
Gorgias
Protagoras
Aspasia
Isocrates
7. What is an enthymeme? a) An informal syllogism with an unstated premise or assumption. b) A three-part deductive argument in which each premise implies the next. c) A method of disputation which two antagonistic arguments arrive at a higher knowledge. d) An inductive argument based on demonstration. 8. (Aristotle) first schematized what we traditionally think of as the rhetorical appeals (ethos, pathos, and logos). 9. In Gorgias, Socrates asks Gorgias whether it is the rhetoric teacher's responsibility to: a) teach Responsibility b) teach Justice c) teach Morality d) teach Truth 10. In Phaedrus, does Socrates endorse written discourse? Why or why not? a) Yes, written discourse is fixed and allows for interpretation of more complex forms of Truth. b) No, written discourse is fixed and cannot dispute or offer rebuttal, whereas oral discourse can. c) Yes, written discourse can preserve eloquence and truth. d) No, written discourse is fixed and therefore cannot convey or illustrate undiscovered Truth. 11. In Gorgias, Socrates famously likens rhetoric to (cookery). 12. In Rhetoric, Aristotle defines rhetoric as the practice of discovering the means of persuasion and discusses places where arguments can be found. These are called (topoi). Medieval 1. Augustine’s sanction of a kind of (BLANK) influenced the medieval practice of quoting lengthily from other sources without attribution. (Plagiarism) 2. According to Augustine, the Christian orator should use (BLANK) style to teach, (BLANK) style to condemn or praise, and (BLANK) style to move to action. (Subdued/temperate/grand) 3. According to Boethius, the orator must look for his goal in both (BLANK) and (BLANK). (Himself/the audience) 4. Which of the following is NOT part of Boethius’s “Rhetorical Oration”: a. introduction b. argument c. refutation d. invention 5. Though a medieval author, signs of what other philosophical/rhetorical movement are evident in Christine de Pizan’s work: a. Scholasticism b. Empiricism c. Modernism d. Renaissance Humanism 6. What is a sign of Renaissance humanism in Christine de Pizan’s work: a. moral teaching in writing b. valuation of acquired knowledge for civic good c. the featuring of distinct individuals in writing d. all of the above e. none of the above Renaissance 1. According to the introduction, Erasmus ultimate goal is to: a) to equip a rhetor with a catalog of stylistic devises b) to promote perspicuity c) to amplify speech and fluency in words and ideas d) None of the above 2. Erasmus draws on ___________, a classical rhetorician, in his thinking about education. (Quintilian) 3. Erasmus argues that copia is two-fold what are the two elements of copia are a) Eloquence and truth b) richness of subject matter and expression c) clarity and brevity d) probability and common sense 4. Ramus argues that rhetoric only consists of these two cannons _________ and __________ (style and delivery) 5. Ramus is know for conceptualizing invention and arrangement through spatial representations know as ________ _________ _____________, they are still used today. (bifurcated tree diagrams) 6. Ramus is known for attacking which of these rhetoricians: a) Quintilian b) Cicero c) Aristotle d) All of the above 7. Which of Bacon’s idols complicates men’s effort to communicate effectively because “words stand in the way and resist change” and due to the arbitrary nature of words “formal discussions of learned men end oftentimes in disputes about words and names” ? a. Idols of the Tribe b. Idols of the Cave c. Idols of the Market Place d. Idols of the Theatre 8. What scriptural reference must both de la Cruz and Fell reinterpret in order to argue not only generally for women’s education, but also, more specifically, for their oratorical influence in the public sphere? a. “That which we write requires solemn deliberation” b. “Let him kiss me with the kiss of his mouth” c. “Let her repeat the task to you” d. “Let women keep silence in the churches” 9. In her work Women’s Speaking Justified, Margaret Fell advocates for the education of women and places Christ in a superior position over men and women and thus equalizes the sexes . What is another divine intervention that liberates converted women to speak in the church? a. inner spirit b. ? c. ? d. ? 10. Bacon’s rhetoric applies ___________ to the ___________ to move the _______________. (answer: reason, imagination, will) 11. __________________________ was the only rhetorician from the new world whose work we read in class. (de la Cruz) 12. Margaret Fell writes that the spirit of ____________ is the “false church, the great whore” and the prime example of the type of woman who is not permitted to speak. (answer: Jezebel) |